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Dehydration in Infants
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Infants and young children require special care when they have diarrhea. Severe bouts of diarrhea can lead to dehydration in less than a day in infants, and prolonged cases of diarrhea can be fatal. Signs of dehydration include dark or concentrated urine, low urine output, sticky saliva, a sunken soft spot, lack of tears when crying, and general weakness and listlessness.
If diarrhea continues for more than one week, or is accompanied by a fever, your infant should be seen by a pediatrician. Contact your pediatrician immediately if your baby refuses to eat or drink, shows signs of dehydration, blood or mucus is present in the stools, or your baby seems very unwell compared to normal.
Most cases of diarrhea are viral and clear up on their own. Therefore, treatment is focused on preventing dehydration. These uncomplicated cases can be treated at home by using some of the tips listed below.
Continue breastfeeding:
If you are breastfeeding your infant, continuing to do so will help ensure your baby remains hydrated. Breastfeeding will also help boost your baby's immune system and aid in fighting off any infection that may be causing the diarrhea.
Switch to soy formula:
If your infant is formula-fed, you should speak with your doctor about a temporary switch to a soy-based formula. Soy formula often clears up diarrhea very quickly, which is important in preventing dehydration. Soy formulas containing extra fiber are even more effective at bulking up the stools and slowing them down.
Avoid sugar:
Avoid sugary drinks, such as soda, fruit juice, and sports drinks. These drinks can all make diarrhea worse, and the high levels of sugar they contain can further disrupt your infant or young child's electrolyte balance.
Rehydration drinks:
Give a few sips of a rehydration drink, such as Pedialyte, every few minutes or between feedings. Rehydration fluids help replenish important electrolytes that are lost along with the loose stools. These drinks come in a variety of flavors and can be served room temperature or chilled.
Try the BRAT diet:
Older babies and young children can be given the BRAT diet, which consists of bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast. Peaches, pears, plums, prunes, and apricots can all increase diarrhea and should be avoided until bowel movements have returned to normal.
Antidiarrheal medications:
Do not give medications designed to stop or prevent diarrhea to an infant or young child. Many of these medications are not effective for infants, and some can be very dangerous. If your infant's diarrhea does not respond to home treatment, consult your pediatrician.
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